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【作者】佚名【朝代】先秦

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，

zī

咨

nǚ

女

yīn

殷

shāng

商

。

rú

如

tiáo

蜩

rú

如

táng

螗

，

rú

如

fèi

沸

rú

如

gēng

羹

。

xiǎo

小

dà

大

jìn

近

sàng

丧

，

rén

人

shàng

尚

hū

乎

yóu

由

xíng

行

。

nèi

内

bì

奰

yú

于

zhōng

中

guó

国

，

tán

覃

jí

及

guǐ

鬼

fāng

方

。

wén

文

wáng

王

yuē

曰

zī

咨

，

zī

咨

nǚ

女

yīn

殷

shāng

商

。

fěi

匪

shàng

上

dì

帝

bù

不

shí

时

，

yīn

殷

bù

不

yòng

用

jiù

旧

。

suī

虽

wú

无

lǎo

老

chéng

成

rén

人

，

shàng

尚

yǒu

有

diǎn

典

xíng

刑

。

céng

曾

shì

是

mò

莫

tīng

听

，

dà

大

mìng

命

yǐ

以

qīng

倾

。

wén

文

wáng

王

yuē

曰

zī

咨

，

zī

咨

nǚ

女

yīn

殷

shāng

商

。

rén

人

yì

亦

yǒu

有

yán

言

：

diān

颠

pèi

沛

zhī

之

jiē

揭

，

zhī

枝

yè

叶

wèi

未

yǒu

有

hài

害

，

běn

本

shí

实

xiān

先

bō

拨

。

yīn

殷

jiàn

鉴

bù

不

yuǎn

远

，

zài

在

xià

夏

hòu

后

zhī

之

shì

世

。

荡荡上帝，下民之辟。疾威上帝，其命多辟。天生烝民，其命匪谌。靡不有初，鲜克有终。
文王曰咨，咨汝殷商。曾是彊御？曾是掊克？曾是在位？曾是在服？天降滔德，女兴是力。
文王曰咨，咨女殷商。而秉义类，彊御多怼。流言以对。寇攘式内。侯作侯祝，靡届靡究。
文王曰咨，咨女殷商。女炰烋于中国。敛怨以为德。不明尔德，时无背无侧。尔德不明，以无陪无卿。
文王曰咨，咨女殷商。天不湎尔以酒，不义从式。既衍尔止。靡明靡晦。式号式呼。俾昼作夜。
文王曰咨，咨女殷商。如蜩如螗，如沸如羹。小大近丧，人尚乎由行。内奰于中国，覃及鬼方。
文王曰咨，咨女殷商。匪上帝不时，殷不用旧。虽无老成人，尚有典刑。曾是莫听，大命以倾。
文王曰咨，咨女殷商。人亦有言：颠沛之揭，枝叶未有害，本实先拨。殷鉴不远，在夏后之世。

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译文注释

上帝骄纵又放荡，他是下民的君王。上帝贪心又暴虐，政令邪僻太反常。上天生养众百姓，政令无信尽撒谎。万事开头讲得好，很少能有好收场。文王开口叹声长，叹你殷商末代王！多少凶暴强横贼，敲骨吸髓又贪赃，窃据高位享厚禄，有权有势太猖狂。天降这些不法臣，助长国王逞强梁。文王开口叹声长，叹你殷商末代王！你任善良以职位，凶暴奸臣心怏怏。面进谗言来诽谤，强横窃据朝廷上。诅咒贤臣害忠良，没完没了造祸殃。文王开口叹声长，叹你殷商末代王！跋扈天下太狂妄，却把恶人当忠良。知人之明你没有，不知叛臣结朋党。知人之明你没有，不知公卿谁能当。文王开口叹声长，叹你殷商末代王！上天未让你酗酒。也未让你用匪帮。礼节举止全不顾，没日没夜灌黄汤。狂呼乱叫不像样，日夜颠倒政事荒。文王开口叹声长，叹你殷商末代王！百姓悲叹如蝉鸣，恰如落进沸水汤。大小事儿都不济，你却还是老模样。全国人民怒气生，怒火蔓延到远方。文王开口叹声长，叹你殷商末代王！不是上帝心不好，是你不守旧规章。虽然身边没老臣，还有成法可依傍。这样不听人劝告，命将转移国将亡。文王开口叹声长，叹你殷商末代王！古人有话不可忘：“大树拔倒根出土，枝叶虽然暂不伤，树根已坏难久长。”殷商的借鉴并不遥远，应该知夏桀的下场。

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