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浣溪沙·咏橘

【作者】苏轼【朝代】宋

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菊暗荷枯一夜霜。新苞绿叶照林光。竹篱茅舍出青黄。
香雾噀人惊半破，清泉流齿怯初尝。吴姬三日手犹香。

标签:

咏物橘子

译文注释

一夜秋霜过后，菊花凋谢荷叶枯萎，而新橘却在经霜之后变得更加鲜亮，整个橘林都闪着光亮。原来是橘子由青色逐渐变成金黄色了。摘下一个剥开之后，香味喷人，初尝新橘，汁水齿舌间如泉般流淌。据说，吴地产的橘子女孩子剥后，手上三日仍留有余香。

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译文注释

⑴ 一夜霜：橘经霜之后，颜色开始变黄而味道也更美。白居易《拣贡橘书情》：“琼浆气味得霜成。”
⑵“新苞绿叶”句：沈约《园橘》：“绿叶迎霜滋，朱苞待霜润。”新苞：指新橘，橘经霜变黄，又有外皮包裹，如新生的黄色花苞。
⑶青黄：指橘子，橘子成熟时，果皮由青色逐渐变成金黄色。屈原《橘颂》“青黄杂糅，文章烂兮”。
⑷“香雾”二句：苏轼《食柑诗》“露叶霜枝剪寒碧，金盘玉指破芳辛。清泉蔌蔌先流齿，香雾霏霏欲噀人。”宋·韩彦直《橘录》卷上《真柑》：“真柑在品类中最贵可珍……始霜之旦，园丁采以献，风味照座，擘之则香雾噀人。”噀（xùn）：喷。清泉：喻橘汁。
⑸吴姬：吴地美女。

来源：古诗文网

赏析

这首咏橘词，巧言物状，体物细微，属“纯用赋体，描写确尚”的咏物佳作，颇耐玩味。
“菊暗荷枯一夜霜 ”，先布置环境，以使下文有余地抒发。“菊暗荷枯”四字，是东坡《赠刘景文》诗“荷尽已无擎雨盖，菊残犹有傲霜枝”的概括。“一夜霜”，经霜之后，橘始变黄而味愈美。晋王羲之帖：“奉橘三百枚，霜未降，未易多得。”又白居易《拣贡橘书情》诗：“琼浆气味得霜成。”皆可参证。“新苞”句，轻轻点出题目。新苞，指新橘。橘有皮包裹，故称。又，橘树常绿，凌寒不凋。《楚辞·橘颂》：“绿叶素荣，纷其可嘉兮。”沈约《橘》诗：“绿叶迎露滋，朱苞待霜... 诗词名句网>>

作者介绍

苏轼（1037年1月8日－1101年8月24日），字子瞻，号“东坡居士”，世称“苏东坡”。汉族，眉州人。北宋诗人、词人，宋代文学家，是豪放派词人的主要代表之一，“唐宋八大家”之一。在政治上属于旧党，但也有改革弊政的要求。其文汪洋恣肆，明白畅达，其诗题材广泛，内容丰富，现存诗3900余首。代表作品有《水调歌头·中秋》、《赤壁赋》、《江城子·乙卯正月二十日夜记梦》、《记承天寺夜游》等。百科详情>>

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