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酬朱监纪四辅

【作者】顾炎武【朝代】清

拼音

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shí

十

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江

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南

shì

事

yǐ

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fēi

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chóu

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痛

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yáng

扬

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dōng

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。

十载江南事已非，与君辛苦各生归。
愁看京口三军溃，痛说扬州十日围。
碧血未消今战垒，白头相见旧征衣。
东京朱祜年犹少，莫向尊前叹式微。

译文注释

故国已经远去十年了，处处物是人非，我和你辛苦遭逢，艰难生存在现今。我想起京口三军溃败就愁闷，想起扬州血洗十日便内心万分悲苦。死国难的烈士们血洒疆场，那段历史不可遽消，而此刻不得不面对白头早衰了。你要学汉时朱祜，不要消沉与哀叹。

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译文注释

朱监纪四辅：朱四辅，明末秀才，在明时曾任监纪推官、监纪提刑，为诗人友人。
十载：指明亡已去十年。
扬州十日：指明亡后顺治二年四月，清兵攻破扬州，在扬州城里大肆屠杀淫掠的时候，有一个市民王秀楚躲在空屋中，活了下来。他把他在清兵破城前后十余日中目睹之事，一一写出，为《扬州十日记》。
碧血：碧是一种青绿色的美石，玉类。后常用以称颂为国死难的人。
朱祜：东汉名将，曾举兵平定延岑残党，防备匈奴。后拜建武大将军，封鬲侯。
式微：先秦时代民歌。

来源：

作者介绍

顾炎武（1613年—1682年），南直隶苏州府昆山人，著名思想家、史学家、语言学家，与黄宗羲、王夫之并称为明末清初三大儒。本名绛，字忠清；南都败后，因为仰慕文天祥学生王炎午的为人，所以改名炎武，字宁人，亦自署蒋山佣，学者尊为亭林先生。明季诸生，青年时发愤为经世致用之学，并参加昆山抗清义军，败后漫游南北，曾十谒明陵，晚岁卒于曲沃。学问渊博，于国家典制、郡邑掌故、天文仪象、河漕、兵农及经史百家、音韵训诂之学，都有研究。晚年治经重考证，开清代朴学风气。其学以博学于文，行己有耻为主，合学与行、治学与经世为一。诗多伤时感事之作。百科详情>>

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