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【作者】佚名【朝代】先秦

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既破我斧，又缺我斨。
周公东征，四国是皇。
哀我人斯，亦孔之将。
既破我斧，又缺我锜。
周公东征，四国是遒。
哀我人斯，亦孔之嘉。
既破我斧，又缺我銶。
周公东征，四国是遒。
哀我人斯，亦孔之休。

标签:

情感赞美诗经

译文注释

那些老爷即使我斧破折，又使我斨缺残。周公率军东征，四国君主无不心惊胆战。周公哀怜我们这些平民，这是多么的仁贤。
那些老爷即使我斧破折，又使我錡缺残。周公率军东征，四国百姓深受教化感染。周公哀怜我们这些平民，这是多么的良善。
那些老爷即使我斧破折，又使我銶缺残。周公率军东征，四国家人重聚生活平安。周公哀怜我们这些平民，这是莫大的恩典。

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译文注释

⑴斨（qiāng）：斧的一种，斧孔椭圆，新孔方。
⑵皇：同“惶”，恐惧。毛传释为“匡”，《尔雅·释言》：“匡，正也。”
⑶斯：语气词，相当于“啊”。
⑷孔：很、甚、极，程度副词。将：大。
⑸錡（qí）：凿子，一说是古代的一种锯。
⑹吪（é）：教化。
⑺嘉：善，美。
⑻銶（qiú）：凿子，一说是独头斧。
⑼遒（qiú）：毛传：“固也。”郑笺：“敛也。”一说是臣服。
⑽休：美好。

来源：古诗文网

赏析

这是一篇管、蔡、殷、奄四国之民对周公赞颂的歌。《毛序》：“《破斧》，美周公也。周大夫以恶四国焉。”郑笺：“恶四国者，恶其流言毁周公也。”
周武王灭纣，据有天下，封纣子武庚于殷，再封自己的弟弟姬鲜、姬度、姬处于管、蔡、霍以监视武庚。武王死，成王年幼，由周公辅政，武庚、管、蔡、徐、奄等国叛周。周公率兵东征，历时三年，平定叛乱。管、蔡、殷、奄四国之民因作此歌以赞美周公。
全诗三章，采用复沓形式，各章仅异数字。孔颖达疏曰：“三章上二句恶四国，下四句美周公。”
第一章前两句以“既破”、“又缺”起始，斧、斨均为生产工... 古诗文网>>

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