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买花 / 牡丹

【作者】白居易【朝代】唐

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dì

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欲

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xuān

喧

chē

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户

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fù

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。

帝城春欲暮，喧喧车马度。
共道牡丹时，相随买花去。
贵贱无常价，酬直看花数。
灼灼百朵红，戋戋五束素。
上张幄幕庇，旁织笆篱护。
水洒复泥封，移来色如故。
家家习为俗，人人迷不悟。
有一田舍翁，偶来买花处。
低头独长叹，此叹无人喻。
一丛深色花，十户中人赋。

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目的讽刺动植物写花

译文注释

这一年暮春，长安城中车水马龙，热闹非凡，原来是到了牡丹盛开的时节，长安城里的名门大户纷纷相随前去买花。牡丹花的价钱贵贱不一，价钱多少以花的品种来定。这里的牡丹有的枝繁叶茂，鲜红欲滴，小小的束花，要付五捆白绢的价钱。它们被精心呵护着，主人还给张上了帷幕，筑起了樊篱，辛勤浇灌之余还培上了最肥沃的土，因此花的颜色还和以前一样鲜艳。家家习以为俗，更没有人认为是错的。有一个老农无意中也来到了买花的地方。目睹此情景，不由得低头长叹，然而此叹又有谁在意呢：这一丛深色的牡丹花价钱相当于十户中等人家一年的赋税了。

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赏析

此诗载于《全唐诗》卷四百二十五。下面是陕西师范大学文学研究所所长、教授、博士生导师霍松林先生对此诗是赏析与白居易同时的李肇在《唐国史补》里说：“京城贵游，尚牡丹三十余年矣。每春暮，车马若狂，以不耽玩为耻。执金召铺宫围外寺观，种以求利，一本有值数万者。”这首诗，通过对“京城贵游”买牡丹花的描写，揭露了社会矛盾的某些本质方面，表现了具有深刻社会意义的主题。诗人的高明之处，在于他从买花处所发现了一位别人视而不见的“田舍翁”，从而触发了他的灵感，完成了独创性的艺术构思。
全诗分两大段。“人人迷不悟”以上十四句，写京城贵游买花；以... 古诗文网>>

作者介绍

白居易（772～846），字乐天，晚年号香山居士，又号醉吟先生，河南新郑（今河南郑州新郑市）人，是我国唐代伟大的现实主义诗人，唐代三大诗人之一。唐代宗大历七年（772年）正月，白居易出生于郑州新郑东郭宅（今新郑市东郭寺村）。白氏祖籍山西太原，白居易本人就出生于河南新郑。卒后葬于河南洛阳，白居易故居纪念馆坐落于洛阳市郊，白园（白居易墓）坐落在洛阳城南香山的琵琶峰。白居易的诗歌题材广泛，形式多样，语言平易通俗，有“诗魔”和“诗王”之称。官至刑部尚书。有《白氏长庆集》传世，代表诗作有《长恨歌》、《卖炭翁》、《琵琶行》等。新乐府运动倡导者，主张“文章合为时而著，歌诗合为事而作”与元稹交好并称元白，晚年多与刘禹锡酬唱并称刘白。百科详情>>

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