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【作者】佚名【朝代】先秦

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此

sì

四

guó

国

。

江汉浮浮，武夫滔滔。匪安匪游，淮夷来求。既出我车，既设我旟。匪安匪舒，淮夷来铺。
江汉汤汤，武夫洸洸。经营四方，告成于王。四方既平，王国庶定。时靡有争，王心载宁。
江汉之浒，王命召虎：式辟四方，彻我疆土。匪疚匪棘，王国来极。于疆于理，至于南海。
王命召虎：来旬来宣。文武受命，召公维翰。无曰予小子，召公是似。肇敏戎公，用锡尔祉。
厘尔圭瓒，秬鬯一卣。告于文人，锡山土田。于周受命，自召祖命，虎拜稽首：天子万年！
虎拜稽首，对扬王休。作召公考：天子万寿！明明天子，令闻不已，矢其文德，洽此四国。

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译文注释

长江汉水波涛滚滚，出征将士意气风发。不为安逸不为游乐，要对淮夷进行讨伐。前路已经出动兵车，树起彩旗迎风如画。不为安逸不为舒适，镇抚淮夷到此驻扎。
　　长江汉水浩浩荡荡，出征将士威武雄壮。将士奔波平定四方，战事成功上告我王。四方叛国均已平定，但愿周朝安定盛昌。从此没有纷争战斗，我王之心宁静安详。
　　长江汉水二水之滨，王向召虎颁布命令：“开辟新的四方国土，料理划定疆土地境。不是扰民不是过急，要以王朝政教为准。经营边疆料理天下，领土直至南海之滨。”
　　我王册命下臣召虎，巡视南方政令宣诵：“文王武王受命天下，你祖召公实为梁栋。莫说为了我的缘故，你要继承召公传统。全力尽心建立大功，因此赐你福禄无穷。
　　“赐你圭瓒以玉为柄，黑黍香酒再赐一卣。秉告文德昭著先祖，还要赐你山川田畴。去到岐周进行册封，援例康公仪式如旧”。下臣召虎叩头伏地：“大周天子万年长寿！”
　　下臣召虎叩头伏地，报答颂扬天子美意。作成纪念康公铜簋，“敬颂天子万寿无期！”勤勤勉勉大周天子，美名流播永无止息。施行文治广被德政，和洽当今四周之地。

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译文注释

（1）首句当做“滔滔”，下句当做“浮浮”。浮浮：众强的样子。
（2）匪：同“非”。
（3）来：语助词，含有“是”的意义。求：通“纠”，诛求，讨伐。
（4）旟（yú）：画有鸟隼的旗。
（5）铺：止，驻扎。
（6）汤（shāng）汤：水势大的样子。
（7）洸（guāng）洸：威武的样子。
（8）庶：庶几。
（9）载：则。
（10）浒（hǔ）：水边。
（11）式：发语词。辟：开辟。
（12）彻：治。
（13）疚（jìu）：病，害。棘：“急”的假借。
（14）极：准则。
（15）于：意义虚泛的助词，其词义取决于后面所带之词。
（16）旬：“巡”的假借。
（17）召（shào）公：文王之子，封于召。为召伯虎的太祖，谥康公。维：是。翰：桢斡。
（18）予小子：宣王自称。
（19）似：“嗣”的假借。
（20）肇敏：图谋。戎：大。公：通“功”，事。
（21）用：以。锡：赐。祉（zhǐ）：福禄。
（22）釐（lài）：“赉”的假借，赏赐。圭瓒（zàn）：用玉作柄的酒勺。
（23）秬（jù）：黑黍。鬯（chàng）：一种香草，即郁金，姜科，多年生。卣（yǒu）：带柄的酒壶。
（24）文人：有文德的人。
（25）周：岐周，周人发祥地。
（26）自：用。召祖：召氏之祖，指召康公。
（27）稽（qǐ）首：古时礼节，跪下拱手磕头，手、头都触地。
（28）对：报答。扬：颂扬。体：美，此处指美好的赏赐册命。
（29）考：“簋（guǐ）”的假借。簋，一种古铜制食器。
（30）明明：勉勉。
（31）令闻：美好的声誉。
（32）矢：“施”的假借。

来源：古诗文网

赏析

《江汉》一，《毛诗序》以为尹吉甫所作。今人以其无据多不相信。细读诗文，实为召伯虎所作。其第一章诗人自称“我”，为第一人称手法写成；而第三章云：“江汉之浒，王命召虎。”说到周王之命，又自称“召虎”。第四、五、六章也有“王命召虎”、“虎拜稽首”等语。一般如果自称为“我”，而同周天子联系起来则称“召虎”、“虎”，则可以肯定作者为召伯虎。此诗同传世的周代青铜器召伯虎簋上的铭文一样，都是记叙召伯虎平淮夷归来周王赏赐之事。
据《后汉书·东夷传》，周厉王之时因为政治昏乱，东方的淮夷入寇，虢仲征之，未能取胜。宣王之时，首先消除玁狁之患，... 古诗文网>>

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