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【作者】《诗经·大雅》【朝代】先秦

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王

mìng

命

，

wáng

王

zhī

之

hóu

喉

shé

舌

。

fù

赋

zhèng

政

yú

于

wài

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，

sì

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fāng

方

yuán

爰

fā

发

。

sù

肃

sù

肃

wáng

王

mìng

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，

zhòng

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shān

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fǔ

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jiāng

将

zhī

之

。

bāng

邦

guó

国

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fǒu

否

，

zhòng

仲

shān

山

fǔ

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míng

明

zhī

之

。

jì

既

míng

明

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且

zhé

哲

，

yǐ

以

bǎo

保

qí

其

shēn

身

。

sù

夙

yè

夜

fěi

匪

jiě

解

，

yǐ

以

shì

事

yī

一

rén

人

。

rén

人

yì

亦

yǒu

有

yán

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róu

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则

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，

gāng

刚

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则

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吐

zhī

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。

wéi

维

zhòng

仲

shān

山

fǔ

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，

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柔

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，

gāng

刚

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。

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不

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guǎ

寡

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。

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人

yì

亦

yǒu

有

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，

dé

德

yóu

輶

rú

如

máo

毛

，

mín

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。

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我

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wéi

维

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fǔ

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。

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爱

mò

莫

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助

zhī

之

。

gǔn

衮

zhí

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yǒu

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quē

阙

，

wéi

维

zhòng

仲

shān

山

fǔ

甫

bǔ

补

zhī

之

。

zhòng

仲

shān

山

fǔ

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。

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四

mǔ

牡

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业

yè

业

。

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měi

每

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怀

mí

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及

。

sì

四

mǔ

牡

péng

彭

péng

彭

，

bā

八

luán

鸾

qiāng

锵

qiāng

锵

。

wáng

王

mìng

命

zhòng

仲

shān

山

fǔ

甫

，

chéng

城

bǐ

彼

dōng

东

fāng

方

。

sì

四

mǔ

牡

kuí

骙

kuí

骙

，

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八

luán

鸾

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喈

jiē

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。

zhòng

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shān

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fǔ

甫

cú

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qí

齐

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shì

式

chuán

遄

qí

其

guī

归

。

jí

吉

fǔ

甫

zuò

作

sòng

诵

，

mù

穆

rú

如

qīng

清

fēng

风

。

zhòng

仲

shān

山

fǔ

甫

yǒng

永

huái

怀

，

yǐ

以

wèi

慰

qí

其

xīn

心

。

天生烝民，有物有则。民之秉彝，好是懿德。天监有周，昭假于下。保兹天子，生仲山甫。
仲山甫之德，柔嘉维则。令仪令色。小心翼翼。古训是式。威仪是力。天子是若，明命使赋。
王命仲山甫，式是百辟，缵戎祖考，王躬是保。出纳王命，王之喉舌。赋政于外，四方爰发。
肃肃王命，仲山甫将之。邦国若否，仲山甫明之。既明且哲，以保其身。夙夜匪解，以事一人。
人亦有言，柔则茹之，刚则吐之。维仲山甫，柔亦不茹，刚亦不吐。不侮矜寡，不畏强御。
人亦有言，德輶如毛，民鲜克举之。我仪图之，维仲山甫举之。爱莫助之。衮职有阙，维仲山甫补之。
仲山甫出祖。四牡业业。征夫捷捷，每怀靡及。四牡彭彭，八鸾锵锵。王命仲山甫，城彼东方。
四牡骙骙，八鸾喈喈。仲山甫徂齐，式遄其归。吉甫作诵，穆如清风。仲山甫永怀，以慰其心。

标签:

诗经离别

译文注释

老天生下这些人．有着形体有法则。人的常性与生来，追求善美是其德。上天临视周王朝，昭明之德施于下。保佑这位周天子，有仲山甫辅佐他。
　　仲山甫贤良具美德，温和善良有原则。仪态端庄好面色，小心翼翼真负责。遵从古训不出格，勉力做事合礼节。天子选他做大臣，颁布王命管施政。
　　周王命令仲山甫，要做诸侯的典范。继承祖业要宏扬，辅佐天子振朝纲。出令受命你执掌，天子喉舌责任重。发布政令告畿外，四方听命都遵从。
　　严肃对待王命令，仲山甫全力来推行。国内政事好与坏，仲山甫心里明如镜。既明事理又聪慧，善于应付保自身。早早晚晚不懈怠，侍奉周王献忠诚。
　　有句老话这样说："柔软东西吃下肚，刚硬东西往外吐。"与众不同仲山甫，柔软东西他不吃，刚硬东西偏下肚。鳏夫寡妇他不欺，碰着强暴狠打击。
　　有句老话这样说："德行如同毛羽轻，很少有人能高举。"我细揣摩又核计，能举起唯有仲山甫，别人爱他难相助。天子龙袍有破缺，独有仲山甫能弥补。
　　仲山甫出行祭路神，四匹公马力强劲。车载使臣匆匆行，常念王命未完成。四马奋蹄彭彭响，八只鸾铃声锵锵。周王命令仲山甫，督修齐城赴东疆。
　　四匹公马蹄不停，八只鸾铃响叮叮。仲山甫赴齐去得急，早日完工回朝廷。吉甫作歌赠穆仲，乐声和美如清风。仲山甫临行顾虑多，宽慰其心好建功。

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译文注释

（1）烝：众。物、则：严粲《缉》谓“天生烝民具形而有物，禀性而有则”。
（2）秉彝：常理，常性。懿：美。
（3）假：至。
（4）仲山甫：人名，樊侯，为宣王卿士，字穆仲。
（5）式：用，效法。
（6）若：选择。见《说文解字》段玉裁注。赋：颁布。
（7）辟：君，此指诸侯。
（8）缵（zuǎn）：继承。戎：你。王躬：指周王。
（9）出纳：指受命与传令。喉舌：代言人。
（10）外：郑笺谓“以布政于畿外”。爰发：乃行。
（11）肃肃：严肃。将：行。
（12）若否：好坏。
（13）解（xiè）：通“懈”。一人：指周天子。
（14）茹：吃。
（15）矜：老而无妻。强御：强悍。
（16）輶（yóu）：轻。鲜：少。克：能。
（17）仪图：揣度。
（18）衮（gǔn）：绣龙图案的王服。职：犹“适”，即偶然。阙：缺。
（19）祖：祭路神。业业：马高大的样子。
（20）捷捷：马行迅疾的样子。
（21）彭彭：形容马蹄声杂沓。鸾：鸾铃。
（22）骙（kuí）骙：同“彭彭”。喈（jiē）喈：象声词，铃声。
（23）徂：往。遄（chuán）：速。
（24）吉甫：尹吉甫，宣王大臣。穆：和美。
（25）永：长。怀：思。

来源：古诗文网

赏析

这首诗《毛诗序》谓“尹吉甫美宣王也，任贤使能，周室中兴焉”；因诗中直接颂扬的是仲山甫，而不是周宣王，故朱熹《诗集传》认为是“宣王命樊侯仲山甫筑城于齐，而尹吉甫作诗送之”；清人郝敬既不赞同毛说，也不以朱说为然，他提出此诗合《春秋》微言大义之旨，仲山甫具才德位望，为辅弼重臣，宜常在王之左右，城齐之役，不劳相烦，诗言“衮职有阙”、“式遄其归”，实有规讽之意。《序》谓“美”，郝谓“讽”，二说视角不同，自然见解相反，然也有共同点，那就是皆着眼于此诗的言外之意，非诗中的基本内容。见仁见智，各有所取，此姑且不论，如果就诗说诗，当以朱熹说为胜。... 古诗文网>>

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