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水调歌头·过岳阳楼作

【作者】张孝祥【朝代】宋

拼音

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湖海倦游客，江汉有归舟。西风千里，送我今夜岳阳楼。日落君山云气，春到沅湘草木，远思渺难收。徙倚栏杆久，缺月挂帘钩。
雄三楚，吞七泽，隘九州。人间好处，何处更似此楼头。欲吊沈累无所，但有渔儿樵子，哀此写离忧。回首叫虞舜，杜若满芳洲。

标签:

怀才不遇登楼吊古目的场景吊古伤今

译文注释

疲倦于湖海飘泊的生活，离开江陵乘舟沿江东归。西风正盛，一日千里一般，今夜把我送到岳阳楼。那湖中君山的暮霭云雾，四周萦绕，沅水、湘水相汇处的两岸草木，呈现出一片葱绿的春色，思绪翻腾，颇难平静。独自倚栏凝思，天上的月亮好似帘钩。三楚、七泽、九州雄伟险要。人间美景，哪里比得上岳阳楼上所见呢？想祭奠屈原而不得，只能借登山临水，效渔儿樵子，抒发离忧之情。回过头去呼唤一代英主虞舜大帝，只见杜若花开满了水中沙洲。

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赏析

张孝祥平生多次经过岳阳楼。根据词中的行向与时节，此首应作于公元1169年暮春（史料记载为乾道五年三月下旬）。是年，孝祥请祠侍亲获准后，离开荆州（今湖北江陵），乘舟沿江东归。当时曾写《喜归作》：“湖海扁舟去，江淮到处家。”归途中，阻风石首，滞留三日。同行诸公都填了词，他亦用其韵作《浣溪沙》词，有“拟看岳阳楼上月，不禁石首岸头风”云云。这些都与此词的内容相吻合。
词的上阕描写夕阳斜照在广阔的洞庭湖上，波光粼粼；湖中群山暮霭云雾，四周萦绕；沅水、湘水相汇处的两岸草木，呈现出一片葱绿的春色；夜幕初上，一弯残月如帘钩挂天际。开头“... 古诗文网>>

作者介绍

张孝祥（1132年－1169年），字安国，号于湖居士，汉族，简州（今属四川）人，生于明州鄞县。宋朝词人。先祖曾居历阳乌江（今安徽和县），再迁明州（今宁波），为唐代诗人张籍的后代。张孝祥生于明州鄞县桃源乡（今宁波市鄞州区横街镇）。宋高宗绍兴二十四年（1154年），廷试第一。曾因事忤秦桧下狱。宋孝宗时，任中书舍人直学士院。后因赞张浚北伐，事败被革职。又为荆南湖北路安抚使，颇有政绩。著有《于湖集》40卷、《于湖词》1卷。其才思敏捷，词豪放爽朗，风格与苏轼相近，孝祥“尝慕东坡，每作为诗文，必问门人曰：‘比东坡如何？’” 百科详情>>

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