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【作者】佚名【朝代】先秦

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wú

无

zì

自

nì

暱

yān

焉

。

bǐ

俾

yǔ

予

jìng

靖

zhī

之

，

hòu

后

yǔ

予

jí

极

yān

焉

。

yǒu

有

wǎn

菀

zhě

者

liǔ

柳

，

bù

不

shàng

尚

kài

愒

yān

焉

。

shàng

上

dì

帝

shèn

甚

dǎo

蹈

，

wú

无

zì

自

zhài

瘵

yān

焉

。

bǐ

俾

yǔ

予

jìng

靖

zhī

之

，

hòu

后

yǔ

予

mài

迈

yān

焉

。

yǒu

有

niǎo

鸟

gāo

高

fēi

飞

，

yì

亦

fù

傅

yú

于

tiān

天

。

bǐ

彼

rén

人

zhī

之

xīn

心

，

yú

于

hé

何

qí

其

zhēn

臻

。

hé

曷

yǔ

予

jìng

靖

zhī

之

，

jū

居

yǐ

以

xiōng

凶

jīn

矜

。

有菀者柳，不尚息焉。
上帝甚蹈，无自暱焉。
俾予靖之，后予极焉。
有菀者柳，不尚愒焉。
上帝甚蹈，无自瘵焉。
俾予靖之，后予迈焉。
有鸟高飞，亦傅于天。
彼人之心，于何其臻。
曷予靖之，居以凶矜。

标签:

诗经目的讽刺柳树动植物

译文注释

一株柳树很茂盛，不要依傍去休息。上帝心思反覆多，不要和他太亲密。当初让我谋国政，而后受罚遭排挤。
　　一株柳树很茂盛，不要依傍寻阴凉。上帝心思反覆多，不要自己找祸殃。当初让我谋国政，如今放逐到远方。
　　鸟儿尽力往高飞，还要依附在青天。那人心狠不可测，走到何处是极限？为何要我谋国政，反又突兀遭凶险？

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译文注释

⑴菀（yù）：树木茂盛。
⑵尚：庶几。
⑶蹈：动，变化无常。
⑷昵（nì）：亲近。
⑸靖：谋。
⑹极：同“殛”，惩罚。
⑺愒（qì）：休息。
⑻瘵（zhài）：病。
⑼迈：行，指放逐。
⑽傅：至。
⑾矜：危。

来源：古诗文网

赏析

《菀柳》是一首揭露王者暴虐无常，诸侯皆不敢朝见的。《毛诗序》谓“刺幽王也。暴虐无亲，而刑罚不中，诸侯皆不欲朝，言王者之不可朝事也”，说亦不为误。唯刺幽王说无据，历来争讼不已魏源以诗证诗，以为此为刺厉王之诗，“试质诸《大雅》刺历王幽王之诗则了然矣。历王暴虐刚恶……幽王童昏柔恶……故刺历王诗皆欲其收辑人心；刺幽王诗皆欲其辩佞远色”，“征以历王诸诗，一则曰‘上帝板板’，再则曰‘荡荡上帝’。与此《菀柳》篇上帝甚神（蹈），皆监谤时不敢斥言托讽之同文也”。（《诗古微》）可备一说。
全诗共分三章，每章六句。第一章开头以“有菀者柳，不尚... 古诗文网>>

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