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人月圆·伤心莫问前朝事

【作者】倪瓒【朝代】元

拼音

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伤心莫问前朝事，重上越王台。
鹧鸪啼处，东风草绿，残照花开。
怅然孤啸，青山故国，乔木苍苔。
当时明月，依依素影，何处飞来？

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译文注释

不要再问前朝那些伤心的往事了，我重新登上越王台。鹧鸪鸟哀婉地啼叫，东风吹指初绿的衰草，残阳中山花开放。
我惆怅地独自仰天长啸，青崇山峻岭依旧，故国已不在，满目尽是乔木布满苍苔，一片悲凉。头上的明月，柔和皎洁，仍是照耀过前朝的那轮，可是它又是从哪里飞来的呢？

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赏析

中唐诗人窦巩有《南游感兴》七绝云：“伤心欲问前朝事，唯见江流去不回。日暮东风青草绿，鹧鸪飞上越王台。”而窦诗显然又源于李白的《越中览古》：“越王勾践破吴归，义士还家尽锦衣。宫女如花满春殿，只今唯有鹧鸪飞。”本曲的前五句，化用窦巩的诗意，而“鹧鸪啼处”云云，则明显地流露出了霸业不存、风流事散的兴亡之感倪瓒生活在元代的中晚期，无所谓遗民思想，曲中的“前朝事”是将越王台沿经的历史一网打尽，并不专指宋朝；但历史的盛衰、岁月的无情，一样会引起怀古者的“伤心”。窦诗是“伤心欲问前朝事”，而小令却“伤心莫问前朝事”，一字之差，绝望和无奈的感情... 古诗文网>>

作者介绍

倪瓒（1301～1374），元代画家、诗人。初名珽，字泰宇，后字元镇，号云林子、荆蛮民、幻霞子等。江苏无锡人。家富，博学好古，四方名士常至其门。元顺帝至正初忽散尽家财，浪迹太湖一带。擅画山水、墨竹，师法董源，受赵孟頫影响。早年画风清润，晚年变法，平淡天真。疏林坡岸，幽秀旷逸，笔简意远，惜墨如金。以侧锋干笔作皴，名为“折带皴”。墨竹偃仰有姿，寥寥数笔，逸气横生。书法从隶入，有晋人风度，亦擅诗文。与黄公望、王蒙、吴镇合称"元四家"。存世作品有《渔庄秋霁图》《六君子图》《容膝斋图》等。著有《清閟阁集》。百科详情>>

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