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【作者】佚名【朝代】先秦

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诗经

译文注释

我的郎恭谨等候在影壁前，冠上洁白丝绦垂在两耳边，缀饰的美玉悬荡在我眼前。我的郎恭谨地等候在庭院，冠上青绿丝绦垂在两耳边，晶莹的美玉悬荡在我眼前。我的郎恭谨等候在正堂前，冠上明黄丝绦垂在两耳边，精美的玉石悬荡在我眼前。

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译文注释

著：通宁。古代富贵人家正门内有屏风，正门与屏风之间叫著。古代婚娶在此处亲迎。
俟：等待，迎候。
乎而：齐方言。作语尾助词。
充耳：又叫塞耳，饰物，悬在冠之两侧。《毛传》：充耳谓之瑱。古代男子冠帽两侧各系一条丝带，在耳边打个圆结，圆结中穿上一块玉饰，丝带称紞，饰玉称瑱，因紞上圆结与瑱正好塞着两耳，故称充耳。
素：白色，这里指悬充耳的丝色。
尚：加上。
琼：赤玉，指系在紞上的瑱。
华与下文的莹英：均形容玉瑱的光彩，因协韵而换字。
庭：中庭。在大门之内，寝门之外。
青：与上文的素、下文的黄指各色丝线，代指紞。
堂：庭堂。

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赏析

此篇《毛序》、郑玄笺皆以为是刺诗，孔颖达疏申述云：“作《著》诗者，刺时也。所以刺之者，时不亲迎，故陈亲迎之礼以刺之也。”姚际恒不以为然，他说：“此本言亲迎，必欲反之为刺，何居？……此女子于归见婿亲迎之诗，今不可知其为何人，观充耳以琼玉，则亦贵人矣。”（《诗经通论》）姚说可取。揣摩诗意，此当是女子回想出嫁时夫婿迎亲情景的。据《仪礼·士昏礼》，新郎到女家迎亲，新娘上车后，新郎得亲自驾车，轮转三周，再交给车手驾御，而自己则另乘车先行至自家门口等候，然后按照规定以次将新娘引进洞房。此诗把这一古老的结婚仪式写得饶有情趣。
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