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行香子·寓意

【作者】苏轼【朝代】宋

拼音

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sān

三

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入

chéng

承

míng

明

。

sì

四

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至

jiǔ

九

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卿

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wèn

问

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书

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hé

何

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辱

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jīn

金

zhāng

张

qī

七

yè

叶

，

wán

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qǐ

绮

diāo

貂

yīng

缨

。

wú

无

hàn

汗

mǎ

马

shì

事

，

bù

不

xiàn

献

fù

赋

，

bù

不

míng

明

jīng

经

。

chéng

成

dū

都

卜

sì

肆

，

jì

寂

mò

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jūn

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píng

平

。

zhèng

郑

子

zhēn

真

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yán

岩

gǔ

谷

gōng

躬

gēng

耕

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hán

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灰

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三入承明。四至九卿。问书生、何辱何荣。金张七叶，纨绮貂缨。无汗马事，不献赋，不明经。
成都卜肆，寂寞君平。郑子真、岩谷躬耕。寒灰炙手，人重人轻。除竺乾学，得无念，得无名。

译文注释

三次做出入皇宫的官，四次做到九卿高官，试问书生，你有什么屈辱之处？又有什么荣耀和美名？朝中那些亲近宠贵的金、张之流，他们的后代能够身服绮儒纨袴，冠戴貂尾缨饰，还不是由于他们会笃敬寤主，干些拍马逢迎的勾当吗？而书生你既没有汗马功劳、又不会写些歌功颂德的辞赋献给皇帝，也不会用儒家经书去走送官的捷径。所以没有他们显贵。既然这样，要像汉代蜀人严君平那样，在成都开个问卦店铺，自甘寂寞，或者像西汉末年的隐士郑子真那样在山谷里种田，火炭有不能再燃的时候，有可以取暖的时候，人有显贵与轻贱之分，不如学习、传授佛学，无所牵挂、无所名利。

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译文注释

行香子：词牌名。
三入承明：谓三次做出入皇宫的官。
承明：指承明庐，汉代是在皇宫任职官员的值班歇宿之处。
四至九卿：谓四次做到九卿高官。
九卿：汉代仅次于三公（唐宋时沿袭东汉时的太尉、司徒、司空为三公的称谓）的高级官员。秦汉通常以奉常（太常）、郎中令（光禄勋）、卫尉、太仆、廷尉、典客（大鸿护）、宗正、治粟内史（大司农）、少府为九卿，实即中央各行政机关的总称。魏晋以后，设尚书分主各部行政，九卿专掌一部分事务，职任较轻。问书生，
何辱何荣：意谓问询儒生，什么是耻辱，什么是光荣。
书生：这里指苏轼。
金张七叶：
金：指汉武帝的亲信贵臣金日磾和他的子孙后辈。
叶：世、代。
七叶：即七世。
纨绮貂缨：朝廷贵臣的穿戴服饰，这里指显贵大臣。
纨绮：指精美的丝织品。
貂：貂尾，冠饰。
缨：冠带。
无汗马事：没有汗马功劳，即未立战功。
献赋：古代辞赋家把自己所作的赋颂呈献皇帝，求得赏识。
不明经：不明晓儒家的经书。明经是古代选官考试的一种科目。
成都卜肆：
成都：今四川成都市。
卜肆：算卦占卜者的店铺。
寂寞君平：指西汉末年蜀人严君平（名严尊），他自甘寂寞以贫贱清静守。
郑子真：即郑朴，字子真，西汉末年隐士。
岩谷：岩洞山谷。
寒灰炙手：
寒灰：指无火星已完全不能再燃的死灰，喻无法富贵的人。
炙手：烘手取暖，喻权势高贵的人；通常以炙手可热形容权贵气焰之盛，谓热得烫手。
除竺乾学：
竺乾：指佛，宋代傅斡《注坡词》
注：佛学本自西竺乾天。句谓从佛学教义中学取看破红尘。
除：除授。得无念，
得无名：谓学习佛学教义获得参透世俗，心中空寂无尘，无所牵挂、无所名利。

来源：

作者介绍

苏轼（1037年1月8日－1101年8月24日），字子瞻，号“东坡居士”，世称“苏东坡”。汉族，眉州人。北宋诗人、词人，宋代文学家，是豪放派词人的主要代表之一，“唐宋八大家”之一。在政治上属于旧党，但也有改革弊政的要求。其文汪洋恣肆，明白畅达，其诗题材广泛，内容丰富，现存诗3900余首。代表作品有《水调歌头·中秋》、《赤壁赋》、《江城子·乙卯正月二十日夜记梦》、《记承天寺夜游》等。百科详情>>

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