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昔吴起出，遇故人，而止之食。故人曰：“诺，期返而食。”起曰：“待公而食。”故人至暮不来，起不食待之。明日早，令人求故人，故人来，方与之食。起之不食以俟者，恐其自食其言也。其为信若此，宜其能服三军欤？欲服三军，非信不可也！

标签:

诚信小学文言文故事

译文注释

从前吴起外出遇到了老朋友，就留他吃饭。老朋友说：“好啊，等我回来就（到你家）吃饭。”吴起说：“我（在家里）等待您一起进餐。”（可是）老朋友到了傍晚还没有来，吴起不吃饭而等候他。第二天早晨，（吴起）派人去找老朋友，老朋友来了，才同他一起进餐。吴起不吃饭而等候老朋友的原因是怕自己说了话不算数。他坚守信用到如此程度，这是能使军队信服的缘由吧！要想使军队信服，（作为将领）不守信用是不行的。

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译文注释

1.昔：从前。
2.令：派；使；让。
3.方：才。
4.之：代词，指“老朋友”。
5.俟（sì）：等待。
6.恐：恐怕；担心。
7.可：行；可以。
8.信：信用。
9.故：先前的；原来的。
10.食：吃。
11.信：诚信。
12.止：留住。
13.求：寻找。
14.服：使……信服（意动用法）。
15.非信不可也：不守信用是不行的。信，守信，讲信用。
16.吴起：战国初期著名的政治改革家，卓越的军事家、统帅、政治家、改革家。。
17.欤：语气词，吧。
18.其：他，指吴起。
19.宜：应该。
20.为：坚守。
21.明日：明天。
22.者：……的原因。

来源：古诗文网

作者介绍

宋濂（1310—1381）字景濂，号潜溪，别号玄真子、玄真道士、玄真遁叟。汉族，浦江（今浙江浦江县）人，元末明初文学家，曾被明太祖朱元璋誉为“开国文臣之首”，学者称太史公。宋濂与高启、刘基并称为“明初诗文三大家”。他因长孙宋慎牵连胡惟庸党案而被流放茂州，途中病死于夔州。他的代表作品有《送东阳马生序》、《朱元璋奉天讨元北伐檄文》等。百科详情>>

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