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【作者】佚名【朝代】先秦

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旻天疾威，天笃降丧。瘨我饥馑，民卒流亡。我居圉卒荒。
天降罪罟，蟊贼内讧。昏椓靡共，溃溃回遹，实靖夷我邦。
皋皋訿訿，曾不知其玷。兢兢业业，孔填不宁，我位孔贬。
如彼岁旱，草不溃茂，如彼栖苴。我相此邦，无不溃止。
维昔之富不如时，维今之疚不如兹。彼疏斯粺，胡不自替？职兄斯引。
池之竭矣，不云自频。泉之竭矣，不云自中。溥斯害矣，职兄斯弘，不烖我躬。
昔先王受命，有如召公，日辟国百里，今也日蹙国百里。於乎哀哉！维今之人，不尚有旧！

标签:

诗经目的讽刺怀人

译文注释

老天暴虐难提防，接二连三降灾荒。饥馑遍地灾情重，十室九空尽流亡。国土荒芜生榛莽。
　　天降罪网真严重，蟊贼相争起内讧。谗言乱政职不供，昏愦邪僻肆逞凶，想把国家来断送。
　　欺诈攻击心藏奸，却不自知有污点。君子兢兢又业业，对此早就心不安，可惜职位太低贱。
　　好比干旱年头到，地里百草不丰茂，像那枯草歪又倒。看看国家这个样，崩溃灭亡免不了。
　　昔日富裕今日穷，时弊莫如此地凶。人吃粗粮他白米，何不退后居朝中？情况越来越严重。
　　池水枯竭非一天，岂不开始在边沿？泉水枯竭源头断，岂不开始在中间？这场祸害太普遍，这种情况在发展，难道我不受灾难？
　　先王受命昔为君，有像召公辅佐臣。当初日辟百里地，如今国土日受损。可叹可悲真痛心！不知如今满朝人，是否还有旧忠臣？

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译文注释

（1）旻（mín）天：《尔雅·释天》：“秋为旻天。”此泛指天。疾威：暴虐。
（2）笃：厚，重。
（3）瘨（diān）：灾病。
（4）居：国中。圉（yǔ）：边境。
（5）罪罟（gǔ）：罪网。
（6）昏椓（zhuó）：昏，乱；椓，通“诼”，谗毁。靡共：不供职。共，通“供”。
（7）溃溃：昏乱。回遹（yù）：邪僻。
（8）靖夷：想毁灭。靖，图谋；夷，平。
（9）皋皋：欺诳。訿（zǐ）訿：谗毁。
（10）孔：很。填（chén）：长久。
（11）贬：指职位低。
（12）溃：毛传：“遂也。”马瑞辰《毛传笺通释》：“遂者草之畅达，与‘茂’义相成。”
（13）苴（chá）：枯草。
（14）相：察看。
（15）止：语气词。
（16）时：是，此，指今时。
（17）疚：贫病。
（18）疏：程瑶田《九谷考》以为即稷，高粱。粺（bài）：精米。
（19）替：废，退。
（20）职：主。兄（kuàng）：“况”的假借。斯：语助词。引：延长。
（21）频（bīn）：滨。
（22）溥（pǔ）：同“普”，普遍。
（23）弘：大。
（24）烖（zāi）：同“灾”。
（25）先王：指武王、成王。
（26）召（shào）公：周武王、成王时的大臣。
（27）蹙（cù）：收缩。
（28）於（wū）乎：同“呜呼”。

来源：古诗文网

赏析

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