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八声甘州·寄参寥子

【作者】苏轼【朝代】宋

拼音

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有情风、万里卷潮来，无情送潮归。问钱塘江上，西兴浦口，几度斜晖。不用思量今古，俯仰昔人非。谁似东坡老，白首忘机。
记取西湖西畔，正暮山好处，空翠烟霏。算诗人相得，如我与君稀。约他年、东还海道，愿谢公、雅志莫相违。西州路，不应回首，为我沾衣。

标签:

友情写水情感哲理离别人生感叹场景景色

译文注释

有情风从万里之外卷潮扑来，无情时又送潮返回。请问在钱塘江上或西兴渡口，我俩共赏过几次夕阳斜晖？用不着仔细思量古今的变迁，一俯一仰的工夫，早已物是人非。谁像我东坡苏老。白首之年，淡忘了仕进的机会。
记住西湖的西岸，春日最美的山隈，就是那空明的翠微，如烟的云霏。算起来人中相处得宜。如我与您这样的友情，确实稀微，弥足珍贵。约定日后，像东晋宰相谢安那样，沿着直通大海的长江航道，向东引退、回归。别让这一高雅志向与未来事实彼此违背。不应在西州路上回首恸哭，为了我而沾湿衣襟，洒落泪水。

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译文注释

①八声甘州：词牌名。源于唐大曲，又名《甘州》、《潇潇雨》。
②参寥子：即僧人道潜，字参寥，浙江于潜人。精通佛典，工诗，苏轼与之交厚。元祐六年（1091年），苏轼应召赴京后，寄赠他这首词。
③钱塘江：浙江最大河流，注入杭州湾，江口呈喇叭状，以潮水壮观著名。
④西兴：即西陵，在钱塘江南，今杭州市对岸，萧山县治之西。
⑤几度斜晖：意谓度过多少个伴随着斜阳西下的夜晚。
⑥俯仰昔人非：语出王羲之《兰亭集序》：“俯仰之间，已为陈迹。”
⑦忘机：忘却世俗的机诈之心。见《列子·黄帝》，传说海上有一个人喜欢鸥鸟，每天坐船到海上，鸥鸟便下来与他一起游玩。一天他父亲对他说，“吾闻鸥鸟皆从汝游，汝取来吾玩之”，于是他就有了捉鸟的“机心”（算计之心），从此鸥鸟再也不下来了。这里说苏轼清除机心，即心中淡泊，任其自然。李白《下终南山过斛斯山人宿置酒》："我醉君复乐，陶然共忘机。"苏轼《和子由送春》："芍药樱桃俱扫地，鬓丝禅榻两忘机。"
⑧相得：相交，相知。
⑨谢公雅志：《晋书·谢安传》载：谢安虽为大臣，“然东山之志始末不渝”，“造讽海之装，欲经略初定，自江道还东。雅志未就，遂遇疾笃”。雅志，很早立下的志愿。
⑩“西州路”三句：《晋书·谢安传》载：安在世时，对外甥羊昙很好。安死后，其外甥羊昙“辍乐弥年，行不由西州路”。某次醉酒，过西州门，回忆往事，“悲感不已”，“恸哭而去”。西州，古建业城门名。晋宋间建业（今江苏南京）为扬州刺史治所，以治所在城西，故称西州。

来源：古诗文网

赏析

词作起势不凡，以钱塘江潮喻人世的聚散分合，充分地表现了词人的豪情。首二句写江潮“有情”而来，却终“无情”而归，似有情而实无情。“几度斜晖”的发问，又写出天上阳光的无情。地上潮水无情而归，天上夕阳无情而下，则是天地无情，万物无情。“俯仰昔人非”写人世转瞬万变，如同梦幻，这又是社会人生的无情。对此无情的人生，词人的态度却很乐观，“不用思量今古”，不必替古人伤心，也不必为现实忧虑，因而他能超脱时俗，“自首忘机”。这种达观的思想，在苏轼词中表现得极为普遍，而在这首词中则更明显，词人俯仰天地，纵览古今，得出的结论“一切无情”。因此，他的“... 古诗文网>>

作者介绍

苏轼（1037年1月8日－1101年8月24日），字子瞻，号“东坡居士”，世称“苏东坡”。汉族，眉州人。北宋诗人、词人，宋代文学家，是豪放派词人的主要代表之一，“唐宋八大家”之一。在政治上属于旧党，但也有改革弊政的要求。其文汪洋恣肆，明白畅达，其诗题材广泛，内容丰富，现存诗3900余首。代表作品有《水调歌头·中秋》、《赤壁赋》、《江城子·乙卯正月二十日夜记梦》、《记承天寺夜游》等。百科详情>>

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