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bì

碧

xī

溪

liú

留

wǒ

我

wǔ

武

guān

关

dōng

东

，

yī

一

xiào

笑

huái

怀

wáng

王

jì

迹

zì

自

qióng

穷

。

zhèng

郑

xiù

袖

jiāo

娇

ráo

娆

hān

酣

shì

似

zuì

醉

，

qū

屈

yuán

原

qiáo

憔

cuì

悴

qù

去

rú

如

péng

蓬

。

shān

山

qiáng

樯

gǔ

谷

qiàn

堑

yī

依

rán

然

zài

在

，

ruò

弱

tǔ

吐

qiáng

强

tūn

吞

jǐn

尽

yǐ

已

kōng

空

。

jīn

今

rì

日

shèng

圣

shén

神

jiā

家

sì

四

hǎi

海

，

shù

戍

qí

旗

cháng

长

juàn

卷

xī

夕

yáng

阳

zhōng

中

。

碧溪留我武关东，一笑怀王迹自穷。
郑袖娇娆酣似醉，屈原憔悴去如蓬。
山樯谷堑依然在，弱吐强吞尽已空。
今日圣神家四海，戍旗长卷夕阳中。

标签:

咏史怀古目的吊古伤今吊古

译文注释

清澈的溪水汩汩地流过要留我在武关之东，可笑当年的楚怀王入关投秦却是到了尽穷。郑袖得宠的娇艳妩媚之态就好像喝醉似的，屈原遭放逐到处流落他的形容就犹如乱蓬。如桅杆耸立的峰峦似壕沟深长的山谷还在，而弱肉强食七国争雄却像过眼烟云已成空。当今天子如此神圣四海为一家天下为统一，而如今武关上长风浩荡戍旗翻卷于夕阳中。

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赏析

这是一首咏史。公元839年（唐开成四年）杜牧由宣州赴长安，途经武关时，吊古伤今，感叹时事，写下了这首《题武关》。
武关，在今陕西省丹凤县东南，战国时秦置。作为千古形胜之地，诗人跋涉至此，不能不驻足凭吊一番。所以首联开门见山，叙述诗人来到了武关的东边，清清溪水从眼前汩汩流过，好像在向行人诉说着前朝的史事；举目眺望，可笑当年那昏庸懦怯的怀王入关投秦，一去不返，如今除了关塞依旧，没有留下任何遗迹。这里诗人用拟人的艺术手法，把自己在武关的盘桓说成是“碧溪”的相留，这就将诗情十分自然地转到对这一历史陈迹的临风联想上来。
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作者介绍

杜牧（803年－约852年），字牧之，号樊川居士，汉族，京兆万年（今陕西西安）人。杜牧是唐代杰出的诗人、散文家，是宰相杜佑之孙，杜从郁之子。唐文宗大和二年26岁中进士，授弘文馆校书郎。后赴江西观察使幕，转淮南节度使幕，又入观察使幕，理人国史馆修撰，膳部、比部、司勋员外郎，黄州、池州、睦州刺史等职。因晚年居长安南樊川别墅，故后世称“杜樊川”，著有《樊川文集》。杜牧的诗歌以七言绝句著称，内容以咏史抒怀为主，其诗英发俊爽，多切经世之物，在晚唐成就颇高。百科详情>>

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