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天香·蜡梅

【作者】吴文英【朝代】宋

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月

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běi

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zhī

枝

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yù

玉

nú

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姊

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zhàn

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chū

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宫

huáng

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澹

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tōu

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蟫叶黏霜，蝇苞缀冻，生香远带风峭。岭上寒多，溪头月冷，北枝瘦、南枝小。玉奴有姊，先占立、墙阴春早。初试宫黄澹薄，偷分寿阳纤巧。
银烛泪深未晓。酒钟悭、贮愁多少。记得短亭归马，暮衙蜂闹。豆蔻钗梁恨袅。但怅望、天涯岁华老。远信难封，吴云雁杳。

标签:

情感咏物离别动植物写花惜别

译文注释

蜡梅花瓣薄如蝉翼而色如涂蜡，花蕾小巧而坚挺，花香从远处随风飘来，令人陶醉。不论是在山岭间还是峭溪边，蜡梅花都是盛开在严冬蜡月里。所以不管是北方的还是南方的蜡梅都是无叶有花，形体都显得瘦削而纤小。蜡梅虽挤在墙角边生活，但它却是白梅花的姊姊，最早传递出春天降临的讯息，抢先怒放花香。它就像宫妆一般的淡黄色，又似寿阳公主的梅花妆那样娇巧玲珑。蜡梅字让人想到蜡烛，蜡烛之泪极似惜别人之泪。蜡梅花形如酒钟，而这酒钟实在得显得太小了，它似乎盛不下多少愁恨。我记得有一次在城郊的一个短亭边，乘马离别，当时见到有一群黄蜂临晚纷纷飞回巢中。你还是豆蔻年华，年轻貌美，当年情景如烟雾般时时萦绕心头。如今蜡梅冬月开花，岁华已老，想起离别已久，只能徒增哀伤。纵然以蜡丸封信，也因吴天杳远而难以送达。

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赏析

“蟫叶”三句，状蜡梅花的特征。“蟫”，音淫，衣书中的蠹虫也。这里“蟫叶”，应改作蝉翼，方与词意吻合也。“蝉翼”状花瓣之薄轻；“粘霜”，形花色如涂蜡；“蝇苞”，喻花蕾之小；“缀冻”，绘花蕾的坚实也。此言蜡梅花瓣薄如蝉翼而色如涂蜡，花蕾小巧而坚挺，花香从远处随风飘来，令人陶醉。三句分别叙述了蜡梅花瓣薄、苞小巧而坚挺、花香远送的特征，描写细腻。“岭上”三句。“岭”，原指五岭，中有大庾岭，又叫梅岭，其中盛产梅树。这里泛指山岭。此言不论是在山岭间还是峭溪边，蜡梅花都是盛开在严冬蜡月里。所以不管是北方的还是南方的蜡梅都是无叶有花，形体都显得... 古诗文网>>

作者介绍

吴文英（约1200～1260），字君特，号梦窗，晚年又号觉翁，四明（今浙江宁波）人。原出翁姓，后出嗣吴氏。与贾似道友善。《宋史》无传。一生未第，游幕终身，于苏、杭、越三地居留最久。并以苏州为中心，北上到过淮安、镇江，苏杭道中又历经吴江垂虹亭、无锡惠山，及茹霅二溪。游踪所至，每有题咏。晚年一度客居越州，先后为浙东安抚使吴潜及嗣荣王赵与芮门下客，后“困踬以死”。有《梦窗词集》一部，存词三百四十余首，分四卷本与一卷本。其词作数量丰沃，风格雅致，多酬答、伤时与忆悼之作，号“词中李商隐”。而后世品评却甚有争论。百科详情>>

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