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【作者】白居易【朝代】唐

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sī

丝

shéng

绳

jué

绝

。

shí

石

shàng

上

mó

磨

yù

玉

zān

簪

，

yù

玉

zān

簪

yù

欲

chéng

成

zhōng

中

yāng

央

zhé

折

。

píng

瓶

chén

沉

zān

簪

zhé

折

zhī

知

nài

奈

hé

何

？

shì

似

qiè

妾

jīn

今

zhāo

朝

yǔ

与

jūn

君

bié

别

。

yì

忆

xī

昔

zài

在

jiā

家

wèi

为

nǚ

女

shí

时

，

rén

人

yán

言

jǔ

举

dòng

动

yǒu

有

shū

殊

zī

姿

。

chán

婵

juān

娟

liǎng

两

bìn

鬓

qiū

秋

chán

蝉

yì

翼

，

wǎn

宛

zhuǎn

转

shuāng

双

é

蛾

yuǎn

远

shān

山

sè

色

。

xiào

笑

suí

随

xì

戏

bàn

伴

hòu

后

yuán

园

zhōng

中

，

cǐ

此

shí

时

yǔ

与

jūn

君

wèi

未

xiāng

相

shí

识

。

qiè

妾

nòng

弄

qīng

青

méi

梅

píng

凭

duǎn

短

qiáng

墙

，

jūn

君

qí

骑

bái

白

mǎ

马

bàng

傍

chuí

垂

yáng

杨

。

qiáng

墙

tóu

头

mǎ

马

shàng

上

yáo

遥

xiāng

相

gù

顾

，

yī

一

jiàn

见

zhī

知

jūn

君

jí

即

duàn

断

cháng

肠

。

zhī

知

jūn

君

duàn

断

cháng

肠

gòng

共

jūn

君

yǔ

语

，

jūn

君

zhǐ

指

nán

南

shān

山

sōng

松

bǎi

柏

shù

树

。

gǎn

感

jūn

君

sōng

松

bǎi

柏

huà

化

wèi

为

xīn

心

，

àn

暗

hé

合

shuāng

双

huán

鬟

zhú

逐

jūn

君

qù

去

。

dào

到

jūn

君

jiā

家

shě

舍

wǔ

五

liù

六

nián

年

，

jūn

君

jiā

家

dà

大

rén

人

pín

频

yǒu

有

yán

言

。

pìn

聘

zé

则

wèi

为

qī

妻

bēn

奔

shì

是

qiè

妾

，

bù

不

kān

堪

zhǔ

主

sì

祀

fèng

奉

píng

蘋

fán

蘩

。

zhōng

终

zhī

知

jūn

君

jiā

家

bù

不

kě

可

zhù

住

，

qí

其

nài

奈

chū

出

mén

门

wú

无

qù

去

chù

处

。

qǐ

岂

wú

无

fù

父

mǔ

母

zài

在

gāo

高

táng

堂

？

yì

亦

yǒu

有

qīn

亲

qíng

情

mǎn

满

gù

故

xiāng

乡

。

qián

潜

lái

来

gèng

更

bù

不

tōng

通

xiāo

消

xī

息

，

jīn

今

rì

日

bēi

悲

xiū

羞

guī

归

bù

不

dé

得

。

wèi

为

jūn

君

yī

一

rì

日

ēn

恩

，

wù

误

qiè

妾

bǎi

百

nián

年

shēn

身

。

jì

寄

yán

言

chī

痴

xiǎo

小

rén

人

jiā

家

nǚ

女

，

shèn

慎

wù

勿

jiāng

将

shēn

身

qīng

轻

xǔ

许

rén

人

！

井底引银瓶，银瓶欲上丝绳绝。
石上磨玉簪，玉簪欲成中央折。
瓶沉簪折知奈何？似妾今朝与君别。
忆昔在家为女时，人言举动有殊姿。
婵娟两鬓秋蝉翼，宛转双蛾远山色。
笑随戏伴后园中，此时与君未相识。
妾弄青梅凭短墙，君骑白马傍垂杨。
墙头马上遥相顾，一见知君即断肠。
知君断肠共君语，君指南山松柏树。
感君松柏化为心，暗合双鬟逐君去。
到君家舍五六年，君家大人频有言。
聘则为妻奔是妾，不堪主祀奉蘋蘩。
终知君家不可住，其奈出门无去处。
岂无父母在高堂？亦有亲情满故乡。
潜来更不通消息，今日悲羞归不得。
为君一日恩，误妾百年身。
寄言痴小人家女，慎勿将身轻许人！

标签:

叙事长篇

译文注释

从井底用银丝拉上银瓶，银瓶很快上来了，银丝却断了。在石头上磨玉簪，玉簪快要磨成却从中间断了。我要告诉那些小人家的儿女，千万要慎重不要轻易终身许人。

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译文注释

淫奔：指男女私奔。
淫：放纵；恣肆，过度，无节制。
引：拉起，提起。
银瓶：珍贵器具。喻美好的少女。
殊：美好。
娟：美好。
宛转：轻细弯曲状。
远山色：形容女子眉黛如远山的颜色。
蛾：代指蝉翼。
青梅竹马：指两小无猜的亲密。墙头马上遥相顾。
语：告诉、倾诉。
合双鬟：古少女发式为双鬟，结婚后即合二为一。
大人：指男方父母。
聘为妻：指经过正式行聘手续的女子才能为正妻，正妻可以主祭。
奔：私奔。
妾：偏室。
不谌主祀：不能作为主祭人。
蘋蘩：两种可供食用的水草，古代常用于祭祀。
高堂：指父母。
潜来：偷偷来，私奔。
痴小：指痴情而年少的少女。

来源：

赏析

前三句的两个比喻总体的概括了全诗意旨，那瓶沉簪折正是女子遭遣弃命运的写照。次三句写女子年少时的美貌殊姿，以相识之前的欢悦与相识后四句横遭不幸的痛苦相对比。再下写女子以身相许，决然私奔的过程，表现了痴情女子的天真和纯洁及为情所动的真实形态。之后的五句叙述私奔带来的屈辱和痛苦。“聘则为妻奔是妾”表达了没有经过礼法嘉许的结合，即使相爱情深也不能得到他人的认可。女子愤然出走，然而天地茫茫，已经无处可归。诗末两句凄凉悱恻，是对后世痴情女子的警策，也是女子自身屈辱悲愤的呐喊。“痴情女子负心汉，教人如何不悲伤。”
“到君家舍五六年，君... 古诗文网>>

本诗表现了一私奔女子的悲哀。它在题材上与古乐府中的弃妇诗类同，但其风格与情调与传统之作多有不同。从内容上看，本篇所表现的生活现象明显带有中唐都市生活的色彩，女子能有这样的机会与男子交往并能私奔，这在当时其他人的作品中也有所表现，这是唐人都市生活中特有的一个现象。都市的商业生活给青年男女的交往带来了一定自由，但传统的礼教观念却扼杀了他们追求幸福的权利，并制造了一些悲剧，而在这一悲剧中女子更是一个更大有受害者。诗人取材典型，对扼杀人性的礼教提出了批判。对不幸的女子表示了同情。其中对礼与情之间矛盾的表现体现了中唐士人的思想个性。其次在... 诗词名句网>>

作者介绍

白居易（772～846），字乐天，晚年号香山居士，又号醉吟先生，河南新郑（今河南郑州新郑市）人，是我国唐代伟大的现实主义诗人，唐代三大诗人之一。唐代宗大历七年（772年）正月，白居易出生于郑州新郑东郭宅（今新郑市东郭寺村）。白氏祖籍山西太原，白居易本人就出生于河南新郑。卒后葬于河南洛阳，白居易故居纪念馆坐落于洛阳市郊，白园（白居易墓）坐落在洛阳城南香山的琵琶峰。白居易的诗歌题材广泛，形式多样，语言平易通俗，有“诗魔”和“诗王”之称。官至刑部尚书。有《白氏长庆集》传世，代表诗作有《长恨歌》、《卖炭翁》、《琵琶行》等。新乐府运动倡导者，主张“文章合为时而著，歌诗合为事而作”与元稹交好并称元白，晚年多与刘禹锡酬唱并称刘白。百科详情>>

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